Observed in this example
12 supporting histories, 3 shared products, and the paired five-star dates shown above. The method has all 610 generated records available; 20 histories were selected for the search.
A WORKED INVESTIGATION
What does repeated overlap look like?
Start with one reviewer’s history. Follow nearby five-star reviews of the same products. Use the connections you find to choose whose history to examine next.
ONE REVIEWER, FOLLOWED THROUGH THE RECORDS
12 reviewers connect back to
Rowan Hayes.
We examined other reviewers’ histories and found five-star reviews of the same products, posted close in time to this reviewer’s own five-star reviews. The pattern appears across 3 shared products in this generated case.
3products with supporting overlap
0–28 daysbetween the paired five-star reviews
The search examined 20 reviewer histories and found 107 reviewers through their neighborhoods. The records below explain this reviewer’s result. Names and product descriptions are fictional labels for the generated records.
Start with this reviewer’s history 5 generated reviews across 4 products
These are all of this reviewer’s records in the generated panel. The 3 products with supporting overlap are a subset of this 4-product history.
| Product | Review date | Rating | Verified purchase |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glass storage jars | 2019-03-26 | 5 stars | Marked |
| Cotton throw blanket | 2019-04-03 | 5 stars | Marked |
| Adjustable desk lamp | 2019-04-11 | 5 stars | Marked |
| Magnetic kitchen timer | 2019-06-23 | 5 stars | Not marked |
| Cotton throw blanket | 2019-06-24 | 5 stars | Marked |
HOW THE SEARCH GETS HERE
Each discovery helps choose the next reviewer.
The search follows the connections it uncovers. A reviewer who keeps appearing around histories already examined becomes a stronger lead for the next step. This is an adaptive search: the evidence found so far guides where to look next.
Examine one history
This run starts with Riley Bennett, chosen at random from reviewers with five-star activity. Examining a history means looking through that reviewer’s available review records: products, dates, and ratings.
Find nearby reviewers
For each five-star review, look for other people who gave the same product five stars within 28 days before or after. Together, those reviewers form the history’s neighborhood, or ego.
Update the counts
Each eligible history adds +1 corroboration to every other reviewer in its neighborhood. Several matching products with that same history still add only one. Appearing around another examined history adds another.
Follow the next lead
Among reviewers not yet examined, choose the highest current count within the search cap of 5. Examine that history, find its neighbors, and update the counts again. This run repeats until 20 histories have been examined.
Why examine that person next? Their repeated appearances provide an evidence-based lead. Their history can reveal further connections and add support to reviewers already found.
A simple choice example, and how the cap works
For illustration, suppose two reviewers have not yet been examined: one appears in three neighborhoods found so far and the other in one. With this cap of 5, the search chooses the reviewer with three corroborations first, unless another candidate has a higher count within the cap.
The cap controls which lead to follow: reviewers with a current count above 5 are set aside for this choice. Their evidence still counts, and their reported corroboration can keep growing beyond 5. If no unexamined candidate has a positive count within the cap, the search chooses at random from all remaining unexamined histories, including those above the cap. Ties between candidates are resolved by the order they first appeared in the evidence.
“Stronger lead” means more corroborations under this selection rule. It is not a probability of coordination or fraud. The count used to choose a reviewer is the count at that step; the final count shown in a result may be higher. A history needs at least two five-star reviews to contribute an eligible ego. This is checked after examining it, so a history without an eligible ego still uses one step of the budget.
FOLLOW THE EVIDENCE
Same products. Nearby five-star reviews.
Open a product to compare the dates and records. A pair qualifies when both reviews give five stars and their dates are no more than 28 days apart, including exactly 28 days.
SHARED PRODUCTAdjustable desk lamp6 supporting histories0–28 days apartView all paired recordsOne example pair · both reviews give five starsRiley Ellishistory examined9 days apartRowan Hayesthis reviewer
Rowan Hayes gave five stars on 2019-04-11. Each row below pairs one of those reviews with another reviewer’s five-star review of this product. We examined each of those reviewers’ histories during the search.
| Reviewer whose history we examined | Their review date | Rowan Hayes’s date | Rowan Hayes’s timing | Verified purchase marks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jordan Brooks | 2019-03-145 stars | 2019-04-115 stars | 28 days after | Jordan Brooks: markedRowan Hayes: marked |
| Jamie Bennett | 2019-03-175 stars | 2019-04-115 stars | 25 days after | Jamie Bennett: markedRowan Hayes: marked |
| Riley Ellis | 2019-04-025 stars | 2019-04-115 stars | 9 days after | Riley Ellis: markedRowan Hayes: marked |
| Avery Reed | 2019-04-115 stars | 2019-04-115 stars | Same day | Avery Reed: markedRowan Hayes: marked |
| Harper Foster | 2019-04-155 stars | 2019-04-115 stars | 4 days before | Harper Foster: markedRowan Hayes: marked |
| Cameron Carter | 2019-04-255 stars | 2019-04-115 stars | 14 days before | Cameron Carter: markedRowan Hayes: marked |
“Before” and “after” describe Rowan Hayes’s review relative to the paired reviewer’s review. Purchase marks are generated fields, as are the dates and identifiers.
SHARED PRODUCTCotton throw blanket5 supporting histories3–21 days apartView all paired recordsOne example pair · both reviews give five starsRowan Hayesthis reviewer4 days apartRiley Bennetthistory examined
Rowan Hayes gave five stars on 2019-04-03, 2019-06-24. Each row below pairs one of those reviews with another reviewer’s five-star review of this product. We examined each of those reviewers’ histories during the search.
| Reviewer whose history we examined | Their review date | Rowan Hayes’s date | Rowan Hayes’s timing | Verified purchase marks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avery Foster | 2019-03-275 stars | 2019-04-035 stars | 7 days after | Avery Foster: markedRowan Hayes: marked |
| Sage Foster | 2019-04-065 stars | 2019-04-035 stars | 3 days before | Sage Foster: not markedRowan Hayes: marked |
| Riley Bennett | 2019-04-075 stars | 2019-04-035 stars | 4 days before | Riley Bennett: markedRowan Hayes: marked |
| Sage Brooks | 2019-04-245 stars | 2019-04-035 stars | 21 days before | Sage Brooks: not markedRowan Hayes: marked |
| Casey Hayes | 2019-06-135 stars | 2019-06-245 stars | 11 days after | Casey Hayes: not markedRowan Hayes: marked |
“Before” and “after” describe Rowan Hayes’s review relative to the paired reviewer’s review. Purchase marks are generated fields, as are the dates and identifiers.
SHARED PRODUCTGlass storage jars1 supporting history26–26 days apartView all paired recordsOne example pair · both reviews give five starsRowan Hayesthis reviewer26 days apartRowan Lanehistory examined
Rowan Hayes gave five stars on 2019-03-26. Each row below pairs one of those reviews with another reviewer’s five-star review of this product. We examined each of those reviewers’ histories during the search.
| Reviewer whose history we examined | Their review date | Rowan Hayes’s date | Rowan Hayes’s timing | Verified purchase marks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rowan Lane | 2019-04-215 stars | 2019-03-265 stars | 26 days before | Rowan Lane: markedRowan Hayes: marked |
“Before” and “after” describe Rowan Hayes’s review relative to the paired reviewer’s review. Purchase marks are generated fields, as are the dates and identifiers.
The same reviewer’s history can support more than one product. Count each supporting history once across all products; adding the product totals can count a history twice.
Account for all 12 corroborations Every supporting history and its shared products
An ego is the neighborhood around one reviewer whose history we examined: other reviewers giving five stars to the same products within ±28 days. Each history below has at least two five-star reviews and contributes one ego to this reviewer’s count. The date pairs above show why.
| Reviewer whose history we examined | Five-star reviews in its history | Shared products | Count added |
|---|---|---|---|
| Riley Bennett | 3 | Cotton throw blanket | +1 ego |
| Avery Foster | 2 | Cotton throw blanket | +1 ego |
| Sage Foster | 2 | Cotton throw blanket | +1 ego |
| Sage Brooks | 5 | Cotton throw blanket | +1 ego |
| Riley Ellis | 2 | Adjustable desk lamp | +1 ego |
| Avery Reed | 3 | Adjustable desk lamp | +1 ego |
| Cameron Carter | 3 | Adjustable desk lamp | +1 ego |
| Jordan Brooks | 3 | Adjustable desk lamp | +1 ego |
| Jamie Bennett | 2 | Adjustable desk lamp | +1 ego |
| Rowan Lane | 2 | Glass storage jars | +1 ego |
| Casey Hayes | 4 | Cotton throw blanket | +1 ego |
| Harper Foster | 2 | Adjustable desk lamp | +1 ego |
| Distinct supporting histories | 12 | ||
READ THE RESULT WITH ITS LIMITS
What is observed, and what is missing?
No live source check
No marketplace page was captured. These fictional records come from Paper’s synthetic generator · seed 42. This example cannot show whether a real profile is truncated or a live product window is missing pages.
A pattern to investigate
The count records repeated overlap. It does not establish payment, coordination, or fraud. A live investigation needs source checks and an explicit record of inaccessible pages and incomplete coverage.
View the underlying identifiers Match the fictional names to the generated records
Names and product descriptions are display labels only. The method uses the original reviewer and product identifiers, which stay the same across settings. These labels do not identify real people or products.
| Fictional name | Generated ID |
|---|---|
| Alex Bennett | demo-0 |
| Avery Bennett | demo-1 |
| Jesse Bennett | demo-10 |
| Kendall Foster | demo-100 |
| Lee Foster | demo-101 |
| Morgan Foster | demo-102 |
| Parker Foster | demo-103 |
| Quinn Foster | demo-104 |
| Reese Foster | demo-105 |
| Riley Foster | demo-106 |
| Rowan Foster | demo-107 |
| Sage Foster | demo-108 |
| Taylor Foster | demo-109 |
| Jordan Bennett | demo-11 |
| Alex Hayes | demo-110 |
| Avery Hayes | demo-111 |
| Casey Hayes | demo-112 |
| Cameron Hayes | demo-113 |
| Dana Hayes | demo-114 |
| Drew Hayes | demo-115 |
| Elliot Hayes | demo-116 |
| Emery Hayes | demo-117 |
| Harper Hayes | demo-118 |
| Jamie Hayes | demo-119 |
| Kendall Bennett | demo-12 |
| Jesse Hayes | demo-120 |
| Jordan Hayes | demo-121 |
| Kendall Hayes | demo-122 |
| Lee Hayes | demo-123 |
| Morgan Hayes | demo-124 |
| Quinn Hayes | demo-126 |
| Reese Hayes | demo-127 |
| Riley Hayes | demo-128 |
| Rowan Hayes | demo-129 |
| Lee Bennett | demo-13 |
| Sage Hayes | demo-130 |
| Taylor Hayes | demo-131 |
| Alex Lane | demo-132 |
| Cameron Lane | demo-135 |
| Dana Lane | demo-136 |
| Drew Lane | demo-137 |
| Elliot Lane | demo-138 |
| Emery Lane | demo-139 |
| Morgan Bennett | demo-14 |
| Harper Lane | demo-140 |
| Jamie Lane | demo-141 |
| Jesse Lane | demo-142 |
| Jordan Lane | demo-143 |
| Kendall Lane | demo-144 |
| Lee Lane | demo-145 |
| Morgan Lane | demo-146 |
| Parker Lane | demo-147 |
| Quinn Lane | demo-148 |
| Reese Lane | demo-149 |
| Parker Bennett | demo-15 |
| Riley Lane | demo-150 |
| Rowan Lane | demo-151 |
| Sage Lane | demo-152 |
| Taylor Lane | demo-153 |
| Alex Palmer | demo-154 |
| Avery Palmer | demo-155 |
| Casey Palmer | demo-156 |
| Cameron Palmer | demo-157 |
| Dana Palmer | demo-158 |
| Drew Palmer | demo-159 |
| Quinn Bennett | demo-16 |
| Elliot Palmer | demo-160 |
| Emery Palmer | demo-161 |
| Harper Palmer | demo-162 |
| Jamie Palmer | demo-163 |
| Jesse Palmer | demo-164 |
| Jordan Palmer | demo-165 |
| Kendall Palmer | demo-166 |
| Lee Palmer | demo-167 |
| Morgan Palmer | demo-168 |
| Parker Palmer | demo-169 |
| Reese Bennett | demo-17 |
| Quinn Palmer | demo-170 |
| Reese Palmer | demo-171 |
| Riley Palmer | demo-172 |
| Rowan Palmer | demo-173 |
| Sage Palmer | demo-174 |
| Taylor Palmer | demo-175 |
| Alex Reed | demo-176 |
| Avery Reed | demo-177 |
| Casey Reed | demo-178 |
| Cameron Reed | demo-179 |
| Riley Bennett | demo-18 |
| Dana Reed | demo-180 |
| Drew Reed | demo-181 |
| Elliot Reed | demo-182 |
| Emery Reed | demo-183 |
| Harper Reed | demo-184 |
| Jamie Reed | demo-185 |
| Jesse Reed | demo-186 |
| Jordan Reed | demo-187 |
| Kendall Reed | demo-188 |
| Lee Reed | demo-189 |
| Rowan Bennett | demo-19 |
| Morgan Reed | demo-190 |
| Parker Reed | demo-191 |
| Quinn Reed | demo-192 |
| Reese Reed | demo-193 |
| Riley Reed | demo-194 |
| Rowan Reed | demo-195 |
| Sage Reed | demo-196 |
| Taylor Reed | demo-197 |
| Alex Shaw | demo-198 |
| Avery Shaw | demo-199 |
| Casey Bennett | demo-2 |
| Sage Bennett | demo-20 |
| Casey Shaw | demo-200 |
| Cameron Shaw | demo-201 |
| Dana Shaw | demo-202 |
| Drew Shaw | demo-203 |
| Elliot Shaw | demo-204 |
| Emery Shaw | demo-205 |
| Harper Shaw | demo-206 |
| Jamie Shaw | demo-207 |
| Jesse Shaw | demo-208 |
| Jordan Shaw | demo-209 |
| Taylor Bennett | demo-21 |
| Kendall Shaw | demo-210 |
| Lee Shaw | demo-211 |
| Morgan Shaw | demo-212 |
| Reese Shaw | demo-215 |
| Riley Shaw | demo-216 |
| Rowan Shaw | demo-217 |
| Sage Shaw | demo-218 |
| Taylor Shaw | demo-219 |
| Alex Brooks | demo-22 |
| Avery Brooks | demo-23 |
| Casey Brooks | demo-24 |
| Cameron Brooks | demo-25 |
| Dana Brooks | demo-26 |
| Drew Brooks | demo-27 |
| Elliot Brooks | demo-28 |
| Cameron Bennett | demo-3 |
| Harper Brooks | demo-30 |
| Jamie Brooks | demo-31 |
| Jesse Brooks | demo-32 |
| Jordan Brooks | demo-33 |
| Kendall Brooks | demo-34 |
| Lee Brooks | demo-35 |
| Morgan Brooks | demo-36 |
| Parker Brooks | demo-37 |
| Quinn Brooks | demo-38 |
| Reese Brooks | demo-39 |
| Riley Brooks | demo-40 |
| Rowan Brooks | demo-41 |
| Sage Brooks | demo-42 |
| Taylor Brooks | demo-43 |
| Alex Carter | demo-44 |
| Avery Carter | demo-45 |
| Casey Carter | demo-46 |
| Cameron Carter | demo-47 |
| Dana Carter | demo-48 |
| Drew Carter | demo-49 |
| Drew Bennett | demo-5 |
| Emery Carter | demo-51 |
| Harper Carter | demo-52 |
| Jamie Carter | demo-53 |
| Jordan Carter | demo-55 |
| Kendall Carter | demo-56 |
| Lee Carter | demo-57 |
| Morgan Carter | demo-58 |
| Parker Carter | demo-59 |
| Elliot Bennett | demo-6 |
| Reese Carter | demo-61 |
| Riley Carter | demo-62 |
| Rowan Carter | demo-63 |
| Sage Carter | demo-64 |
| Taylor Carter | demo-65 |
| Alex Ellis | demo-66 |
| Avery Ellis | demo-67 |
| Casey Ellis | demo-68 |
| Cameron Ellis | demo-69 |
| Emery Bennett | demo-7 |
| Dana Ellis | demo-70 |
| Drew Ellis | demo-71 |
| Elliot Ellis | demo-72 |
| Emery Ellis | demo-73 |
| Harper Ellis | demo-74 |
| Jamie Ellis | demo-75 |
| Jesse Ellis | demo-76 |
| Jordan Ellis | demo-77 |
| Lee Ellis | demo-79 |
| Harper Bennett | demo-8 |
| Morgan Ellis | demo-80 |
| Parker Ellis | demo-81 |
| Quinn Ellis | demo-82 |
| Reese Ellis | demo-83 |
| Riley Ellis | demo-84 |
| Rowan Ellis | demo-85 |
| Sage Ellis | demo-86 |
| Taylor Ellis | demo-87 |
| Alex Foster | demo-88 |
| Avery Foster | demo-89 |
| Jamie Bennett | demo-9 |
| Casey Foster | demo-90 |
| Cameron Foster | demo-91 |
| Dana Foster | demo-92 |
| Drew Foster | demo-93 |
| Elliot Foster | demo-94 |
| Emery Foster | demo-95 |
| Harper Foster | demo-96 |
| Jamie Foster | demo-97 |
| Jesse Foster | demo-98 |
| Jordan Foster | demo-99 |
| Fictional product | Generated ID |
|---|---|
| Adjustable desk lamp | P00000 |
| Insulated travel mug | P00001 |
| Canvas tote bag | P00002 |
| Bamboo cutting board | P00003 |
| Cotton throw blanket | P00004 |
| Glass storage jars | P00005 |
| Ceramic planter | P00006 |
| Compact phone stand | P00007 |
| Linen cushion cover | P00008 |
| Stainless mixing bowl | P00009 |
| Folding laptop stand | P00011 |
| Reusable water bottle | P00014 |
| Felt desk organizer | P00017 |
| Metal bookends | P00021 |
| Bamboo drawer divider | P00023 |
| Glass flower vase | P00024 |
| Pocket notebook | P00025 |
| Fabric pencil case | P00026 |
| Silicone spatula set | P00027 |
| Clip-on reading light | P00030 |
| Stainless tea infuser | P00033 |
| Magnetic kitchen timer | P00035 |
| Portable picnic blanket | P00038 |
| Cotton oven mitts | P00042 |
FROM A RESULT TO A CONTRIBUTION
What would you share?
An investigation records what was observed and where it came from. See a small excerpt from this same example and how future reviewed contributions would work.
Change the search settings 20 histories · cap 5 · ±28 days
The budget limits histories examined. The cap guides which reviewer is examined next; it does not cap the count reported for that reviewer. The time window defines nearby activity.
Inspect the full result Counts, supporting egos, product bursts, and search history
Reviews in the example610Full generated panel; the search examines selected histories.
Histories examined20
Complete product windows16seed egos
Highest corroboration12distinct seed egos
COLLECTION PROGRESS
Each history adds context.
CORROBORATION LEDGER
Inspect the reasons.
A count records how many examined reviewers’ neighborhoods include this reviewer. Each distinct history adds at most one. The reported count uses eligible histories with complete product-window coverage. Expand a row to see the supporting reviewers, products, and weeks.
Rowan Hayes3 products12 egos
Generated record ID: demo-129
12 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 12 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 12
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Riley Bennett | Cotton throw blanket | 90 |
| Avery Foster | Cotton throw blanket | 90 |
| Sage Foster | Cotton throw blanket | 90 |
| Sage Brooks | Cotton throw blanket | 90 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Rowan Lane | Glass storage jars | 83 |
| Casey Hayes | Cotton throw blanket | 174 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
Cameron Carter1 products11 egos
Generated record ID: demo-47
11 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 11 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 11
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 111 |
| Sage Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 48 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 48 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 111 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 111 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 48 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 48 |
| Rowan Lane | Adjustable desk lamp | 48 |
| Casey Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 48 |
| Elliot Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 48 |
| Elliot Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 153 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 111 |
Riley Ellis1 products11 egos
Generated record ID: demo-84
11 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 11 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 11
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Sage Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Rowan Lane | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
| Casey Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
| Elliot Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
| Elliot Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
Sage Brooks3 products10 egos
Generated record ID: demo-42
10 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 10 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 10
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Riley Bennett | Cotton throw blanket | 111 |
| Avery Foster | Cotton throw blanket | 111 |
| Rowan Hayes | Cotton throw blanket | 111 |
| Sage Foster | Cotton throw blanket | 111 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 27 |
| Avery Reed | Canvas tote bag | -1 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 27 |
| Casey Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 27 |
| Casey Hayes | Canvas tote bag | 111 |
| Elliot Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 27 |
| Elliot Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 27 |
Drew Hayes1 products9 egos
Generated record ID: demo-115
9 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 9 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 9
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Rowan Lane | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Casey Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
Elliot Palmer2 products8 egos
Generated record ID: demo-160
8 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 8 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 8
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Avery Reed | Portable picnic blanket | 160 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Rowan Lane | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
Cameron Reed1 products8 egos
Generated record ID: demo-179
8 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 8 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 8
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Rowan Lane | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
Drew Reed2 products8 egos
Generated record ID: demo-181
8 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 8 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 8
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Portable picnic blanket | 174 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 153 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Elliot Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 153 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
Drew Brooks1 products8 egos
Generated record ID: demo-27
8 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 8 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 8
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Sage Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
| Rowan Lane | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
| Casey Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
| Elliot Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
| Elliot Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
Avery Bennett2 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-1
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Cotton throw blanket | 160 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 132 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Rowan Lane | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Casey Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Casey Hayes | Cotton throw blanket | 160 |
Parker Foster2 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-103
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Sage Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
| Sage Brooks | Canvas tote bag | 125 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
| Rowan Lane | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
| Casey Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
| Casey Hayes | Canvas tote bag | 125 |
| Elliot Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
| Elliot Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 34 |
Casey Hayes3 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-112
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Cotton throw blanket | 160 |
| Sage Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
| Sage Brooks | Canvas tote bag | 125 |
| Sage Brooks | Canvas tote bag | 132 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
| Rowan Lane | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
| Elliot Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
| Elliot Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 41 |
Quinn Hayes1 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-126
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
Riley Lane1 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-150
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
Rowan Lane2 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-151
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Glass storage jars | 104 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Casey Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
| Elliot Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 62 |
Quinn Bennett1 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-16
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Rowan Lane | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 83 |
Emery Palmer2 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-161
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 104 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 104 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 104 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 104 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Compact phone stand | 160 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 104 |
Harper Palmer3 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-162
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Portable picnic blanket | 160 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Compact phone stand | 160 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
Morgan Palmer3 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-168
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jordan Brooks | Glass storage jars | 174 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Compact phone stand | 153 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
Parker Palmer2 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-169
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 104 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 104 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 104 |
| Avery Reed | Portable picnic blanket | 160 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 104 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 104 |
Sage Palmer1 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-174
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
Avery Reed2 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-177
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Sage Brooks | Canvas tote bag | 20 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
Lee Reed2 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-189
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 69 |
| Avery Reed | Portable picnic blanket | 160 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 69 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 69 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 69 |
| Rowan Lane | Adjustable desk lamp | 69 |
| Casey Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 69 |
Taylor Reed2 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-197
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Compact phone stand | 160 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
Alex Shaw1 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-198
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
Dana Shaw1 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-202
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
Reese Shaw1 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-215
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
Sage Shaw1 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-218
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 90 |
Casey Brooks1 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-24
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Rowan Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Avery Reed | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
| Harper Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 97 |
Elliot Bennett1 products7 egos
Generated record ID: demo-6
7 distinct product-window-complete seed egos; 7 observed seed egos.
Observed count, including incomplete coverage: 7
| Reviewer whose history we examined (seed) | Product | Week (day index) |
|---|---|---|
| Riley Ellis | Adjustable desk lamp | 55 |
| Cameron Carter | Adjustable desk lamp | 55 |
| Jordan Brooks | Adjustable desk lamp | 55 |
| Jamie Bennett | Adjustable desk lamp | 55 |
| Rowan Lane | Adjustable desk lamp | 55 |
| Casey Hayes | Adjustable desk lamp | 55 |
| Elliot Foster | Adjustable desk lamp | 55 |
Complete means product windows covered for captured five-star seed reviews. Seed histories may be truncated. Counts are public-trace evidence, not fraud probabilities.
PRODUCT-TIME STRUCTURE
Observed product bursts
| Product | Reviews | Reviewers | Window span | Corroboration mass |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjustable desk lamp | 21 | 20 | 28 days | 133 |
| Adjustable desk lamp | 17 | 17 | 28 days | 122 |
| Adjustable desk lamp | 9 | 9 | 26 days | 73 |
| Adjustable desk lamp | 13 | 13 | 28 days | 67 |
| Portable picnic blanket | 9 | 9 | 13 days | 55 |
| Canvas tote bag | 13 | 12 | 28 days | 49 |
| Compact phone stand | 16 | 16 | 17 days | 49 |
| Metal bookends | 13 | 13 | 18 days | 46 |
| Fabric pencil case | 14 | 14 | 14 days | 45 |
| Adjustable desk lamp | 14 | 14 | 26 days | 44 |
| Felt desk organizer | 15 | 15 | 21 days | 44 |
| Stainless tea infuser | 17 | 17 | 20 days | 42 |
Mass sums corroboration counts within an observed cluster. It is not a probability.
Search history
A reviewer’s history can be examined without producing an eligible ego. 16 of the 20 examined histories produced eligible egos with complete product-window coverage in this generated example.
| Step | Reviewer whose history we examined | Neighbors | Reviewers reached |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Riley Bennett | 6 | 7 |
| 2 | Cameron Brooks | 1 | 7 |
| 3 | Avery Foster | 6 | 8 |
| 4 | Rowan Hayes | 41 | 44 |
| 5 | Riley Foster | 0 | 44 |
| 6 | Sage Foster | 6 | 45 |
| 7 | Sage Brooks | 33 | 69 |
| 8 | Riley Ellis | 47 | 74 |
| 9 | Avery Reed | 42 | 77 |
| 10 | Cameron Carter | 58 | 91 |
| 11 | Jordan Brooks | 35 | 93 |
| 12 | Jamie Bennett | 43 | 101 |
| 13 | Rowan Lane | 22 | 101 |
| 14 | Elliot Hayes | 0 | 101 |
| 15 | Casey Hayes | 29 | 102 |
| 16 | Elliot Foster | 23 | 107 |
| 17 | Elliot Ellis | 25 | 107 |
| 18 | Jamie Carter | 0 | 107 |
| 19 | Drew Lane | 0 | 107 |
| 20 | Harper Foster | 31 | 107 |
Each example was computed with the paper’s existing Python implementation on generated records, using fixed random seed 42. Choosing settings opens the matching precomputed result. No real accounts are included. Explore the completed Amazon 2023 findings →